Tuesday, December 10, 2013

Critical Mass and the Tipping Point

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Tipping Point: The critical point in a situation, process, or system beyond which a significant and often unstoppable effect or change takes place.
—Merriam-Webster Dictionary

Nature embraces several immutable laws such as gravity, mountains eventually wear down to plains, water always runs downhill when a liquid or a solid, the sun always rises in the east and sets in the west and critical mass - the minimum amount or number required for something to happen (Webster's New World Dictionary). Applied to life forms, this means that a given ecosystem will support only so many of a species before its numbers will be drastically limited until balance (homeostasis) is again restored. Our species is in trouble because it is rapidly headed toward critical mass.

In 1798, Thomas Malthus (1766-1834), a British clergyman and economist, published his much-quoted Essay on the Principle of Population in which he posited three main themes: (1) the increase of population is necessarily limited by the means of subsistence; (2) population does invariably increase when the means of subsistence increase; and (3) the superior power of population is repressed, and the actual population kept equal to the means of subsistence, by misery and vice. Today I write about his first premise and will examine each of the others in succeeding blogs.

(1) The increase of population is necessarily limited by the means of subsistence. In Malthus's view, subsistence primarily pertained to food but must also consider clothing and shelter because in today's world all three have at their basis cost that must be met with some form of capital, capital that much of the world's population lacks in sufficient supply to adequately provide all three necessities. Worldwide, thousands of humans, especially children, die every day of starvation, and too many of that number live within the United States. Starving people become desperate people and when they believe they have nothing to lose and everything to gain by bloodshed, they will revolt. Demonstrations that do not produce results, morph rather rapidly into rebellions and revolutions. World history clearly proves this.

There is now another major player that Malthus did not have to consider—the environment. Weather plays a major role in food production and the climate is changing to the detriment of world agriculture. Add to this the destructiveness of monocultures and genetic manipulation, pollution and over-harvesting and the problem is exacerbated. Nature will tolerate these destructive human behaviors only until the world's population reaches critical mass and the tipping point is passed. It is quite possible that humans will prove to be the vanguard of the globe's next mass extinction that at the present rate of overuse and destruction of our environment may occur not in millennia or centuries, but unfortunately within the lifetimes of our great grandchildren.

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